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1983 AIME Problems/Problem 9

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Problem

Find the minimum value of \frac{9x^2\sin^2 x + 4}{x\sin x} for 0 < x < \pi.

Solution

Let y=x\sin{x}. We can rewrite the expression as \frac{9y^2+4}{y}=9y+\frac{4}{y}.

Since x>0 and \sin{x}>0 because 0< x<\pi, we have y>0. So we can apply AM-GM:

9y+\frac{4}{y}\ge 2\sqrt{9y\cdot\frac{4}{y}}=12

The equality holds when 9y=\frac{4}{y}\Longleftrightarrow y^2=\frac49\Longleftrightarrow y=\frac23.

Therefore, the minimum value is \boxed{012} (when x\sin{x}=\frac23; since x\sin x is continuous and increasing on the interval 0 \le x \le \frac{\pi}{2} and its range on that interval is from 0 \le x\sin x \le \frac{\pi}{2}, by the Intermediate Value Theorem this value is attainable).

See also

1983 AIME (ProblemsResources)
Preceded by
Problem 8
Followed by
Problem 10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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