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Multiset

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A multiset is a slight generalization of the notion of a set. A set is defined by whether or not each object is an element. A multiset is defined not just by its elements, but also by how many times each element is contained. In other words, a multiset is a set where duplication of elements is allowed.

For example, \{1, 1, 2, 3\} \neq \{1, 2, 3\} as multisets.

Note that the order of the elements is unimportant, so \displaystyle \{1, 1, 2, 3\}= \{3, 1, 2, 1\}.

Want to learn how to tackle those tough AMC/AIME/Olympiad counting and probability problems? Check out Art of Problem Solving's Intermediate Counting & Probability by David Patrick.
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